Reserve effects and natural variation in coral reef communities

1 Marine Spatial Ecology Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Hatherly Laboratory, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, EX4 4PS, UK; 2 National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California–Santa Barbara, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA; 3 Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, CA 93950-3094, USA; 4 Perry Institute for Marine Science, 100 N. US Highway 1, Suite 202, Jupiter, FL 33477-5112, USA; 5 Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024-5192, USA; 6 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 2140 Wickson Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA; and 7 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine Affairs and Policy, 4600 Rickenbacker, Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA